There is a closed reaction chamber inside the pyrolysis reactor, which is usually made of high-temperature-resistant materials and can withstand high-temperature and high-pressure environments. This reaction chamber is the main place for waste pyrolysis reaction.

The pyrolysis reactor is equipped with a heating system that can provide a high-temperature environment. Electric heating, fuel combustion, or other methods are usually used to provide heat energy.

The organic waste is transported into the reaction chamber through the feeding system, and after being heated, the pyrolysis reaction occurs in a high temperature and oxygen-deficient (or low-oxygen) environment. During this process, organic waste decomposes into flammable gases, liquid oils and solid residues.

The generated flammable gas, liquid oil and solid residue are separated and collected through the separation system. Flammable gases can usually be used as fuel or power generation; liquid oil products can be used as fuel or chemical raw materials; solid residues require further treatment or disposal.